Permanent Residence in Non-Muslim Countries: A Critical Review of Selected Fatwas from the 21st Century

غیر مسلم ممالک میں مستقل رہائش :اکیسویں صدی کے منتخب فتاویٰ کا تنقیدی جائزہ

Abstract

In the present era, due to international connectivity and growing economic needs, traveling to and permanently residing in non-Muslim countries has become a necessity for many people. However, since scholars hold differing opinions on this issue, Muslims who choose to live in non-Muslim countries often face criticism and religious objections. A review of contemporary scholarly opinions reveals that permanent residence in non-Muslim countries where faith is at risk or religious freedom is restricted is unanimously considered impermissible. However, there is a difference of opinion regarding those non-Muslim countries where one’s faith remains secure and religious freedom is guaranteed. Some scholars maintain that even in such countries, a Muslim should avoid permanent residence in order to protect himself and his family from moral corruption, ideological deviation and spiritual harm. On the other hand, the majority of scholars believe that if one’s faith is preserved, religious practices are allowed and one can openly live according to Islamic principles, then residing permanently in such countries is permissible. This study aims to present a critical analysis of these varying scholarly opinions along with their supporting evidences.