A Critical Analysis of the Narrations on the Incident of Al-Gharaniq Al-Ula

واقعہ غرانیق العلیٰ کی روایات کا تحقیقی و تنقیدی جائزہ

Abstract

The life of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) is full with incidents that reflect the challenges and triumphs of his prophetic mission. Among these, a controversial event known as the Incident of Al-Gharaniq (Waqiya e Gharaneeq-ula) has been the subject of extensive debate among scholars. This article undertakes a critical analysis of the narrations surrounding this incident, which alleges that during the recitation of Surah An-Najm, the Prophet (ﷺ) praised the idols of the polytheists, leading them to prostrate with him. The study examines the chains of transmission (isnad) of these narrations, highlighting discrepancies and weaknesses of these chains of narratrions according to the sciences of hadith. The views of renowned muhaddithin (hadith scholars) and prominent Islamic scholars from across the ummah are discussed to determine the authenticity and implications of these reports. Furthermore, the article delves into the true cause of the polytheists' prostration. Was it due to the alleged "Gharaniq" incident, or was it a response to the overwhelming majesty and power of the verses of Surah An-Najm? By critically analyzing the narrations and synthesizing scholarly opinions, this research aims to clarify the historical and theological dimensions of the incident. The findings underscore the importance of distinguishing authentic reports from fabrications, reaffirming the integrity of the prophetic mission and the divine message it conveyed.