Women's Inheritance Issues in Pakistan and Their Resolution through Islamic Teachings: A Critical and Analytical Study

پاکستان میں خواتین کوتقسیمِ وراثت میں درپیش مسائل اور ان کا اسلامی حل تحقیقی و تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Abstract

Islam is a complete code of life that provides comprehensive guidance to its followers in every sphere, including social, moral, and legal matters. The Islamic system, as revealed through the Qur'an and Sunnah, outlines a just and balanced family structure, addressing the roles, responsibilities, and rights of each member. Several Surahs, including Surah al-Nisāʾ, Surah al-Ṭalāq, and Surah al-Ḥujurāt, emphasize the significance of a well-structured family system and offer detailed instructions to ensure justice within it. Among the many rights granted by Islam, the right to inheritance holds a pivotal place, particularly for women. Islam unequivocally secures a woman’s share in inheritance, regardless of her role or marital status. However, in Pakistan, women often face significant challenges in obtaining their rightful share due to cultural practices, lack of awareness, and socio-legal hurdles. This study aims to explore the nature of these inheritance-related problems faced by Pakistani women and to present solutions based on Islamic teachings. Despite clear Qur'anic injunctions, many misconceptions and violations persist in society regarding the distribution of inheritance. These issues not only result in the deprivation of women but also disrupt family harmony and justice. The article emphasizes the necessity of aligning societal practices with Islamic principles to ensure fair distribution of wealth. It concludes that raising awareness, legal reforms, and religious education are essential for resolving these issues and protecting women's inheritance rights in Pakistan.